Papilloma is a damage to the skin and mucous membranes caused by the human papillomavirus.
The pathogens are viruses of the papilloma virus.Currently, more than 60 options are known, 32 are recognized as pathogenic.
Transmission paths - contact (through microtrauma of the skin), sexual, perinatal (in childbirth).
Manifestations of papillomas
- Skin papillomas (warts).
Most often observed on the hands, less often - in other parts of the body.Local lesions are typical for children and adolescents.In patients with immunodeficiency states of lesions, warts can take up a common in nature.The duration of the incubation period is 1-6 months.The maximum content of the virus in affected tissues is noted 6 months after infection. - Vulgar (simple) papillomas.
Their pathogen is a human papillomavirus (HPV).This form is manifested by solid cones with a rough surface with a diameter of 1 mm or more, with a tendency to merger.Vulgar papillomas often occupy an extensive area.They can appear anywhere, but are more often located on the back of the palms and fingers, in children - on the knees.A single papilloma can exist for several months or even years, practically without changing, but the rapid distribution of the process is also possible.Unit cases of the rebirth of papilloma into the tumor are known.The spread of the process is facilitated by immunodeficiency states. - Subanary papillomas.
The causative agent is HPV-1 (deep form), HPV-2 (mosaic warts) and HPV-4 (minor lesions).The process begins with the appearance of a small brilliant bump, acquiring signs of a typical papilloma surrounded by a protruding rim.Sometimes numerous subsidiaries appear around one papilloma, reminiscent of bubbles - mosaic warts.
Swear papillomas can be painful and difficult to walk.The duration of their existence is different.In some cases, especially in children, a spontaneous disappearance of any number of papillomas is possible.This form of the disease is often confused with corns that appears in places of pressure on the fingers or between the fingers.The corns, unlike papillomas, have a smooth surface with a skin pattern. - Flat papillomas.
Their pathogen is HPV-3 and HPV-10.Represented by smooth cones of the color of normal skin (light yellow or slightly painted).The shape can be rounded or polygonal.The appearance of flat papillomas, mainly in children, is usually accompanied by itching, inflammation of the affected area, redness, pain. - Film papillomas.
They are found in 50% of the population over 50 more often in the area of the axillary depressions, in the groin, on the neck, around the eyes.The process begins with the appearance of small yellowish or slightly colored cones, then increasing and turning into elongated dense elastic formations in size up to 5-6 mm.In places of possible trauma, papillomas can become inflamed.Their spontaneous disappearance does not occur. - Local epithelial hyperplasia (Beck's disease).
The pathogens are human papillomas 13 and 32. For the first time, the disease is described in the American Indians.They are observed on the mucous membranes of the oral cavity, tongue, lips in the form of small merging papers. - Sharp condylomas.
The causative agents of the condiced condis - the viruses of the papilloma of the person of low (6, 11), the average (31, 33, 35) and the high (16, 18) oncological risk.Viruses are transmitted sexually.The duration of the incubation period is from several weeks to months.In some cases, the lesions are minimal, often go unnoticed.Infected cells are subject to malignant degeneration.In most cases, a long and common process accompanies immunodeficiency states.
Cervical cancer is most often detected in women suffering from spicy condylomas.In most cases, despite the age of the patients, a viral genome is revealed by DNA hybridization.The causative agent is HPV-18. - Juvenile papillomatosis of the larynx.
The causative agents are HPV-6 and HPV-11.It is rarely recorded.In most cases, papillomatosis is detected in children under 5 years of age infected in the birth canal of the mother.The appearance of characteristic growths on vocal bundles, leading to speech difficulties and violations of air circulation in the upper parts of the respiratory tract, observe.
Papilloma treatment
The same symptoms can be signs of various diseases, and the disease may not occur according to the textbook.Do not try to be treated yourself - consult your doctor.
Currently, there is no unified international standard of treatment with papilloma.The official treatment guides are still included
- cytostatics (antitumor drugs),
- Cryo laser,
- Electro destruction.
But they are not always effective and accompanied by relapses.
Other papillomas treatment methods:
- With skin and vulgar (simple) papillomas - prompt removal (cryodestruction, laser removal in combination with immunity correction).
- With sole - cryodestruction, laser and/or diatermocoagulation.
- Mosaic papillomas are most difficult to treat.With their disappearance, especially in children, signs of inflammation are observed.
- With flat forms - cryotherapy with immunity correction.
- With threaded - diatermocoagulation.
- With local epithelial hyperplasia - cryotherapy with immunity correction.
- With warty skin dysplasia - cryotherapy or diatermocoagulation with subsequent immunity correction.
- With pointed condylomas - removal by a condyl with cryo therapy, laser excision or diatermocoagulation and mandatory correction of immunity.
Treatment of genital papillomas can be difficult for other sexual infections (chlamydia, bacterial vaginosis, herpes, CMV infection, etc.).In these cases, treatment is carried out in parallel.